譯文（字數 3547）

A.財務比率

我們需要使用財務比率來分析財務報表，比較財務報表的分析方法不能真正有效的得出想要的結果，除非采取的是研究在報表中項目與項目之間關系的形式。例如，只是知道史密斯公司在一個特定的日期中擁有100美元的現金余額，對我們是沒有多大價值的。但是，假如我們知道，這種余額在這種平衡中有4﹪的流動負債，而一年前的現金余額有25﹪的流動負債。由于銀行家對公司通常要求現金余額保持在銀行信用度的20﹪，不管使用或不使用，如果公司的財務狀況出現問題，我們可以立即發現。

我們可以對比比較財務報表中的項目，作出如下結論： 

外文原文（字符數 11088）

ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

A.The Financial Ratios

企業的產生、生存及發展均離不開與融資活動。 We need to use financial ratios in analyzing financial .The analysis of   comparative financial statements cannot be made really effective unless it     takes the form of a study of relationships between items in the statements. It is of little value, for example, to know that, on a given date, the Smith    Company has a cash balance of $1oooo. But suppose we know that this      balance is only -IV per cent of all current liabilities whereas a year ago cash was 25 per cent of all current liabilities. Since the bankers for the company  usually require a cash balance against bank lines, used or unused, of 20 per  cent, we can see at once that the firm's cash condition is exhibiting a        questionable tendency.

We may make comparisons between items in the comparative financial   statements as follows:

1. Between items in the comparative balance sheet 

a) Between items in the balance sheet for one date, e.g., cash may be   compared with current liabilities 

b) Between an item in the balance sheet for one date and the same item in the balance sheet for another date, e.g., cash today may be compared with cash a year ago 

c) Of ratios,or mathematical proportions, between two items in the balance sheet for one date and a like ratio in the balance sheet for another date, e.g., the ratio of cash to current liabilities today may be compared with a like    ratio a year ago and the trend of cash condition noted